.- George Berkeley Irish philosopher and clergyman, considered the founder of the modern school of idealism. Berkeley maintained that one can not conceive that matter exists independently of the mind, the phenomena of the senses can only be explained by assuming that there is a God who continually evokes the perception in the human mind.
studied at Trinity College Dublin, which became a faculty member in 1707. In 1710 he published Treatise on the Principles of Human Knowledge. By failing to convince people of his theory, published a popular version, The Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous in 1713. Statements of his philosophy were regarded as crazy by his contemporaries. Meanwhile, he was ordained deacon in the Anglican Church of Ireland was a prominent Protestant pastor. In 1728 he went to America to attempt to found a missionary college in Bermuda. Although he abandoned his project in 1732, had great impact on higher education in this country, helping the development of Yale and Columbia universities and numerous other schools. In 1734 he was appointed Bishop of Cloyne, where he remained until his retirement. He died on January 14, 1753 in Oxford. Berkeley
philosophical theory was developed as a response to skepticism and atheism. He claimed that skepticism arises when experience or feelings are separated from the objects, leaving no possible way to know about them except through the ideas. To end this separation, a person must recognize that "being" of sensible things consists in their being perceived. Whatever is perceived is real, so the only things whose existence can be known are those that can be perceived. Berkeley insisted, however, things do have an existence outside the human mind and its perception, as people can not control the ideas they have. Consequently, there must be a mind in there all the ideas, an infinite omnipresent spirit, namely God, who sees everything.
Berkeley's philosophical system eliminated any possibility of knowledge of an external material world. Despite his own system few followers, his criticism of the arguments on a separate external world and the concept of matter were powerful and influenced later philosophers.
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